Spaceflight-associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome

Spaceflight-associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) is a condition observed in astronauts after long-duration space missions. It involves changes to the eyes and brain caused by fluid shifts in the body due to weightlessness. In microgravity, bodily fluids move toward the head, increasing pressure inside the skull. This can lead to eye swelling, flattening of the back of the eyeball, changes in vision, and sometimes increased intracranial pressure. SANS is a concern because it may impact astronauts' vision and health during and after space missions, highlighting the need for strategies to mitigate these effects for future long-term space travel.