spacecraft technology

Spacecraft technology includes the design and use of specialized equipment to explore or operate in space. It involves propulsion systems to navigate, communication tools to send data back to Earth, power sources like solar panels or batteries, and thermal controls to manage extreme temperatures. Additionally, spacecraft contain instruments for scientific experiments, navigation systems, and shielding to protect against radiation and micrometeoroids. Advances in materials and miniaturization have made spacecraft more durable, efficient, and capable of long-term missions, enabling us to study planets, stars, and the universe while supporting human presence and robotic exploration beyond Earth.