Southern Song Dynasty

The Southern Song Dynasty (1127–1279) was a Chinese imperial period marked by economic prosperity, cultural flourishing, and technological innovation after the capital moved south due to northern invasions. It was characterized by advances in painting, ceramics, and printing, as well as a strong focus on maritime trade. Despite military struggles against foreign invasions, the Southern Song maintained stability and influenced Chinese art and culture significantly. Ultimately, it fell to the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty, which unified China again. The period is notable for its vibrant urban life, scholarly achievements, and artistic accomplishments.