Southern Blotting technique

Southern blotting is a laboratory method used to detect specific DNA sequences within a complex mixture. The process involves extracting DNA, cutting it into smaller pieces using enzymes, and then separating these fragments by size through gel electrophoresis. The DNA is then transferred onto a membrane and exposed to a labeled DNA probe that is complementary to the target sequence. When the probe binds to its matching DNA fragment on the membrane, it reveals the presence and size of that specific sequence. This technique is valuable for genetic analysis, gene identification, and studying DNA structure.