Solubility equilibrium

Solubility equilibrium occurs when a substance dissolves in a liquid until it reaches a point where the amount of dissolving equals the amount of crystallizing or settling out. At this point, the solution is saturated, and there is a balance between the dissolved particles and those forming solid crystals. This balance is dynamic: particles continuously dissolve and crystallize at the same rate. The equilibrium can shift if conditions like temperature or pressure change, affecting how much of the substance can stay dissolved. It explains why some salts dissolve more in hot water than in cold.