Solidification Theory

Solidification theory describes how liquids transform into solids as they cool. When a liquid's temperature drops below its freezing point, its particles lose energy and arrange into organized patterns, forming a solid structure. This process involves nucleation, where tiny clusters of solid start to form, and growth, where these clusters expand. Factors like cooling rate and impurities influence the quality and structure of the solid. The theory helps understand processes like metal casting and freezing water, emphasizing the microscopic changes that lead to a stable, solid state.