Solid-State Reaction

A solid-state reaction is a process where two or more solid materials chemically combine or transform into new compounds without melting. This typically occurs when the solids are heated, allowing atoms or ions to diffuse and react at their surfaces or within their structures. Such reactions are common in manufacturing ceramics, catalysts, and some types of electronic materials. Because the materials stay solid throughout, controlling temperature, pressure, and mixing is crucial for ensuring the desired chemical change happens efficiently and uniformly.