Solid state characterization

Solid state characterization involves analyzing the properties and structure of solid materials at the microscopic level. It helps scientists understand how atoms and molecules are arranged, how they interact, and what physical properties emerge from this arrangement. Techniques like X-ray diffraction, microscopy, and spectroscopy reveal details such as crystal structure, purity, defects, and electronic behavior. This information is crucial for developing and improving materials used in electronics, pharmaceuticals, and engineering, ensuring they perform as intended and meet quality standards.