Software Transactional Memory (STM)

Software Transactional Memory (STM) is a programming technique that helps manage concurrent access to shared data safely and efficiently. It allows multiple parts of a program to read and write data simultaneously without conflicts, by grouping these operations into "transactions." If a transaction encounters a conflict—such as another transaction modifying the same data—it safely aborts and retries. Think of it as a smart, software-based system that ensures data remains consistent even when multiple updates happen at once, simplifying concurrent programming and reducing errors associated with traditional locking methods.