SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy)

SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy) is a specialized telescope mounted on a modified Boeing 747 aircraft. By flying at high altitudes—around 41,000 feet—it avoids much of Earth's atmospheric interference, especially water vapor that blocks infrared signals. This allows scientists to observe the universe in infrared light, revealing phenomena like star formation and distant galaxies that are hidden in visible light. Operating since 2010, SOFIA combines the mobility of an airplane with advanced science instruments, providing unique insights into the cosmos that are impossible from ground-based or space telescopes alone.