Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Levels of Automation

The SAE Levels of Automation categorize vehicle automation from Level 0 to Level 5, indicating how much a vehicle can handle driving tasks without human intervention. Level 0: No automation; human controls everything. Level 1: Driver assistance with features like cruise control. Level 2: Partial automation, where the car can handle steering and acceleration but requires human oversight. Level 3: Conditional automation, allowing the vehicle to manage certain driving tasks with the driver ready to intervene if needed. Level 4: High automation capable of completing trips without human input in specific conditions. Level 5: Full automation, where the vehicle can operate independently in any environment without human involvement.