smoking and lung cancer

Smoking introduces harmful chemicals into the lungs, causing damage to the cells lining the airways and lung tissue. Over time, this damage can lead to genetic changes that promote uncontrolled cell growth, resulting in lung cancer. Tobacco smoke contains carcinogens—substances known to cause cancer—making smoking the leading risk factor for developing lung cancer. Quitting smoking reduces the risk significantly, as the lungs can repair some damage and decrease the likelihood of cancer development. Avoiding or stopping smoking is the most effective way to lower the risk of lung cancer and improve overall lung health.