Sleep Physiology

Sleep physiology involves a complex cycle of brain activity and bodily functions essential for health. During sleep, the brain transitions through stages—light sleep, deep sleep, and REM sleep—each serving different restorative purposes like memory consolidation, tissue repair, and energy renewal. The brain's activity rhythms, regulated by internal biological clocks and chemical signals, control sleep timing and ensure proper progression through these stages. Hormones like melatonin help signal sleep onset, while neural circuits coordinate muscle relaxation and eye movements. This orchestrated process supports physical and mental well-being, emphasizing sleep's vital role in maintaining overall health.