SIR model (susceptible-infected-recovered model)

The SIR model is a way to understand how infectious diseases spread through a population. It divides people into three groups: Susceptible (those who can catch the disease), Infected (those who have it and can spread it), and Recovered (those who have recovered and are immune). The model uses mathematical formulas to predict how the number of infected people changes over time, based on how easily the disease spreads and how quickly people recover. This helps public health officials plan interventions and understand potential outbreaks.