Sines

Sine is a mathematical function that relates the angle of a right triangle to the lengths of its sides. Specifically, it’s the ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse (the longest side). In the unit circle (a circle with a radius of 1), sine corresponds to the vertical coordinate of a point on the circle as the angle varies. Sine functions are periodic, meaning they repeat values in regular intervals, and are fundamental in describing waves, oscillations, and periodic phenomena across physics and engineering.