Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD)

Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD) occurs when a train passes a signal displaying a 'danger' or stop aspect without stopping. It is a serious safety concern because the train may enter a section of track that is not clear, risking collision or derailment. SPADs can happen due to driver error, distraction, or signal system issues. Rail safety protocols aim to prevent SPADs through training, technological safeguards, and signaling systems that alert or intervene if a train attempts to pass a danger signal. Addressing SPADs is crucial to maintaining railway safety and preventing accidents.