Signal Passed at Danger (SPAD)

A Signal Passed at Danger (SPAD) occurs when a train passes a red signal showing it should stop, without permission. This situation can happen unexpectedly, often due to driver error, distraction, or signal malfunction. SPADs pose serious safety risks as the train enters an area it shouldn't, increasing the chances of accidents or collisions. Railways have safety systems and procedures to prevent SPADs and respond promptly if they occur, emphasizing the importance of vigilance and strict adherence to signals to ensure safe train operations.