signal decomposition

Signal decomposition is the process of breaking down a complex signal into simpler, basic components to understand or analyze it better. Think of it like taking a piece of music and separating the melody, harmony, and rhythm. By doing this, we can identify specific patterns, remove noise, or focus on particular features. Techniques such as Fourier analysis or wavelet transforms are used to decompose signals into different frequencies or parts. This helps in applications like diagnosing machinery faults, processing audio, or analyzing biological signals, making complex information more accessible and manageable.