shuttle vectors

Shuttle vectors are special DNA molecules used in genetic research that can function in multiple host organisms, such as bacteria and eukaryotic cells. They act as vehicles to transfer genetic material between different species, enabling scientists to study genes or produce proteins efficiently. These vectors contain key features like origins of replication for each host, selectable markers, and cloning sites. By "shuttling" genes from one organism to another, they’re essential tools in biotechnology, gene therapy, and research, allowing precise genetic manipulation across diverse biological systems.