Shraman

Shraman was a term used for wandering spiritual practitioners in ancient India, particularly associated with the early Sramana tradition. These individuals sought spiritual liberation through meditation, renunciation, and ethical living, often rejecting the material world and orthodox religious authority. The Shramans played a significant role in developing ideas that influenced Jainism, Buddhism, and other spiritual paths. They emphasized personal effort and introspection over ritualistic practices, aiming to attain enlightenment or liberation (moksha or nirvana). Overall, Shramans were key figures in the philosophical and spiritual landscape of ancient India, advocating self-awareness and inner discipline.