Shanon's sampling theorem

Shannon's sampling theorem states that if a signal's highest frequency is known and below a certain limit (called the Nyquist frequency), it can be perfectly reconstructed from samples taken at twice that rate. In simple terms, to accurately recreate a continuous sound or image, you need to measure it often enough—specifically, at least twice its highest pitch. This principle ensures no important details are lost when converting continuous signals into digital form, provided the sampling rate meets this criterion. It's fundamental in digital audio, imaging, and telecommunications.