Shang archaeology

Shang archaeology studies the ancient Shang Dynasty (circa 1600–1046 BCE) in China, uncovering its cities, artifacts, and written records. Archaeologists examine bronzes, pottery, jade, and oracle bones—inscribed turtle or ox bones used for divination—to understand Shang society, religion, and governance. These discoveries reveal a structured, sophisticated culture with advanced metallurgy, ceremonial practices, and social hierarchy. Excavations of burial sites, city remnants, and artifacts help piece together how the Shang people lived, ruled, and interacted with their environment, providing valuable insights into early Chinese civilization.