SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm)

SHA, or Secure Hash Algorithm, is a family of cryptographic functions designed to create a fixed-size string of characters from input data of any size. This process is called hashing. A hash is unique to the original data, meaning even a small change in the input will produce a vastly different output. SHA is widely used in cybersecurity for verifying data integrity, securing passwords, and supporting digital signatures. It ensures that data hasn't been altered and helps keep sensitive information safe. Different versions, like SHA-256, vary in complexity and security level, with stronger versions offering greater protection.