sgRNA (single guide RNA)

A single guide RNA (sgRNA) is a specially designed molecule used in gene editing techniques like CRISPR. It guides the molecular scissors (Cas9 enzyme) to a specific spot in the DNA. The sgRNA has a sequence that matches a target gene, helping ensure the Cas9 cuts precisely where needed. This targeted approach allows scientists to add, remove, or modify genes accurately within an organism’s DNA, enabling advances in medicine, agriculture, and biological research.