Sex and Gender in Research

In research, "sex" refers to biological differences such as chromosomes, hormones, and anatomy, typically categorized as male or female. "Gender" involves societal roles, behaviors, identities, and expectations shaped by culture and personal identity. Understanding both is important because they influence health, behavior, and social experiences. Studying sex and gender separately helps researchers identify biological factors from social influences, leading to more accurate conclusions and better tailored interventions or policies. Recognizing these distinctions enhances the validity and fairness of research outcomes across diverse populations.