Sets and Functions

Sets are collections of distinct objects or elements, like a group of students or a list of numbers. They define what items are included without regard to order or repetition. Functions are rules that assign each element from one set (the domain) to exactly one element in another set (the codomain). Think of a function as a machine: you input an element, and it produces a corresponding output based on a specific rule. Together, sets and functions form fundamental building blocks in mathematics, helping us organize, analyze, and understand relationships between different collections of objects.