SET domain

The SET domain is a specialized part of certain enzymes called histone methyltransferases, which regulate gene activity. It functions like a molecular switch, adding chemical groups (methyl groups) to specific proteins called histones that DNA wraps around. These modifications influence whether genes are turned on or off by altering how tightly DNA is packed. This process plays a crucial role in controlling cell behavior, development, and maintaining normal biological functions. In summary, the SET domain is a key tool that helps manage gene expression through chemical modifications of histones.