Separator Theorem

The Separator Theorem is a concept in graph theory stating that for certain kinds of complex networks, such as those that can be drawn on a plane without crossing edges, it's possible to divide the network into smaller parts by removing a relatively small set of nodes (points). This "separator" effectively breaks the graph into roughly balanced sections, making it easier to analyze or process. In essence, the theorem provides a way to simplify complex structures by identifying key nodes, helping with efficient algorithms in fields like computer science, geographic information systems, and network analysis.