Section hate speech legislation (various countries)

Hate speech legislation varies by country but generally aims to prevent expressing views that threaten or discriminate against people based on race, religion, ethnicity, or other protected characteristics. Most laws prohibit speech that incites violence, hatred, or discrimination, balancing these restrictions with free speech rights. Some countries have strict bans with criminal penalties, while others focus on civil remedies or social sanctions. The goal is to protect individuals and groups from harm while ensuring open dialogue, though implementation often involves careful legal consideration to prevent censorship of lawful expression.