seawater desalination

Seawater desalination is a process that removes salt and other impurities from seawater, making it suitable for drinking, cooking, and irrigation. It typically involves two main methods: distillation, where seawater is heated until it evaporates and then condenses into freshwater, and reverse osmosis, which pushes seawater through special membranes that block salt and contaminants. These methods require significant energy but provide a reliable source of fresh water in areas facing shortages. Desalination helps address water scarcity, especially in arid regions, by turning abundant seawater into a valuable freshwater resource.