SCN5A (Sodium Channel, Alpha Subunit)

SCN5A is a gene that encodes the alpha subunit of a crucial sodium channel in heart cells. These channels are like tiny gates that regulate the flow of sodium ions into the cells, which is essential for initiating and conducting electrical signals that coordinate heartbeat. Proper function of SCN5A is vital for maintaining normal heart rhythm. Mutations or changes in this gene can lead to irregular heartbeats or conditions such as Long QT syndrome or Brugada syndrome, increasing the risk of fainting or sudden cardiac arrest.