Schwarz inequality

The Schwarz inequality, also known as the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, is a fundamental concept in mathematics that relates to understanding how two quantities interact. It states that the absolute value of the sum of the products of two sets of numbers (or vectors) is always less than or equal to the product of the lengths (or magnitudes) of those sets. In simple terms, it provides a bound on how large the combined effect of two things can be, relative to their individual sizes, ensuring a consistent relationship between their interactions.