Schism of 1054

The Schism of 1054 was a major split between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches. It happened when disagreements over church authority, theological practices, and cultural differences grew unresolved. Key issues included the Pope’s authority and the use of unleavened bread in Communion. These differences led to mutual excommunications, meaning both sides formally condemned each other. The divide deepened over centuries, officially shaping two distinct Christian traditions. Today, the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches remain separate, recognizing each other's traditions but separated in doctrine and governance.