Scale-Free Property

The scale-free property refers to networks where some nodes, called hubs, are highly connected compared to others. This means that in such networks, a few nodes have many connections, while most have only a few. This pattern follows a power-law distribution, making the network resilient to random failures since most nodes are less connected, but vulnerable if the hubs are targeted. Examples include social networks, the internet, and biological systems, where this structure helps facilitate efficient information flow and robustness across the network.