SAMs (Self-Assembled Monolayers)

Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) are ultra-thin layers of molecules that spontaneously organize themselves on a surface, forming a uniform single-molecule-thick coating. These molecules have a head group that strongly bonds to the surface and a tail that extends outward, often modifying the surface’s properties such as wettability, adhesion, or conductivity. SAMs are used in various applications, including electronics, sensors, and coatings, to tailor surface behavior precisely. The process relies on the molecules' natural tendency to minimize energy, resulting in a stable, well-ordered monolayer without external intervention.