Samples (in scattering experiments)

In scattering experiments, a "sample" is the material being studied to understand its structure or properties. When a beam of particles, light, or other waves interacts with the sample, it scatters in different directions. By analyzing these scattered signals, scientists can learn about the sample's internal arrangement, composition, or characteristics. The sample can be solids, liquids, or gases, and its size, shape, and internal features influence how the scattering occurs. Essentially, the sample is the object under investigation that reveals information through how it interacts with incoming energy.