sample standard deviation

Sample standard deviation is a measure that shows how much individual data points in a set differ from the average (mean) of that set. It provides an estimate of the typical distance between each data point and the overall average, indicating the data's variability or spread. A small standard deviation means the data points are close to the mean, while a larger value indicates more variation. It's especially useful when working with a portion (sample) of a larger group, helping to understand how consistent or diverse the data is within that sample.