Sakharov Conditions

Sakharov Conditions are the three necessary criteria for creating an imbalance between matter and antimatter in the early universe, leading to the dominance of matter we see today. They are: (1) Baryon number violation, meaning processes that can change the number of baryons (like protons and neutrons); (2) C and CP violation, which allow matter and antimatter to behave differently; and (3) departure from thermal equilibrium, so reactions favor matter over antimatter. Together, these conditions explain how the universe developed more matter than antimatter, forming the matter-based universe we observe now.