Saint Petersburg (formerly Petrograd)

Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd, is Russia’s second-largest city, founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great. It served as the imperial capital for over two centuries and is known for its grand architecture, cultural institutions, and historical significance. Strategically located on the Baltic Sea, the city played a central role in Russia’s political and artistic development. Its name changed multiple times, reflecting shifts in history—from Petrograd during World War I to Leningrad under Soviet rule, and back to Saint Petersburg in 1991. Today, it remains a vibrant hub of culture, history, and industry.