SAE Levels of Automation

SAE Levels of Automation categorize self-driving vehicle technology into six levels (0–5) based on how much control is shared between the driver and the vehicle. Level 0 has no automation, requiring full driver control. Level 1 offers basic assistance, like cruise control. Level 2 combines features like adaptive cruise and lane keeping, but the driver must stay engaged. Level 3 allows the vehicle to handle certain driving tasks under specific conditions, but the driver must be ready to take over. Level 4 can operate independently in many situations, and Level 5 represents full automation without any driver input needed.