Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni

Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni are the seven basic notes of the Indian classical music scale, known as "Swaras." They form the foundation of melodies, similar to do, re, mi in Western music. Each Swar is a pitch representing a specific sound frequency. "Sa" is the tonic or root note, serving as the reference point. The others—Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni—are variations or degrees above Sa, creating different melodies and moods. This system allows expressive improvisation and deep emotional connection within compositions, making Indian classical music unique and rich in subtlety.