rRNA processing

rRNA processing is the process by which precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) molecules are modified and cut into their mature forms to build functional ribosomes, the cell’s protein factories. Initially, long pre-rRNA strands are transcribed from DNA. These molecules then undergo chemical modifications and specific cuts, removing unnecessary sections called spacers. The resulting mature rRNA components—such as 18S, 5.8S, and 28S rRNAs—combine with proteins to form ribosomal subunits. These subunits then assemble into functional ribosomes, enabling the cell to translate genetic instructions into proteins efficiently.