Root development

Root development involves the growth and formation of the root system of a plant, which anchors it in the soil and absorbs water and nutrients. It begins from the seed's embryonic root (radicle) that emerges during germination. Roots grow downward and outward through cell division and elongation at the tips, forming specialized structures like root hairs to increase surface area. As the plant matures, roots develop lateral branches, aerenchyma, and vascular tissues, supporting stability and efficient resource uptake. Overall, root development is a dynamic process influenced by genetic factors and environmental conditions, vital for healthy plant growth.