Rooke, David & Torbert, Bill

Rooke and Torbert are organizational researchers known for their work on leadership development. They propose that leaders operate across different "action logics" or ways of thinking about and approaching their work and relationships. Their model identifies several stages—like opportunist, diplomat, expert, and strategist—each representing distinct perspectives and behaviors. Recognizing these stages helps individuals and organizations foster growth, adapt more effectively, and improve leadership effectiveness. Their framework emphasizes that leadership capacity evolves through awareness and development of one's underlying mindset, enabling more intentional and impactful actions in complex organizational environments.