rolling friction

Rolling friction, also known as rolling resistance, is the force that opposes the motion when a round object, like a wheel or ball, rolls over a surface. It occurs because the wheel deforms slightly where it contacts the surface and the surface itself may also deform. These small deformations create resistance that requires force to overcome. Compared to sliding friction, rolling friction is usually much smaller, making it easier to move objects with wheels or rollers. This principle is essential for the efficiency of vehicles, conveyor belts, and many mechanical systems.