Rock-cut sculptures

Rock-cut sculptures are carved directly into natural stone cliffs or large rock formations, rather than being separately made and then placed. Artisans chisel away the surrounding rock to reveal images, statues, or architectural features. This technique allows for durable, monumental art integrated with the landscape, often serving religious, ceremonial, or commemorative purposes. Examples include ancient temples, tombs, and intricate reliefs found across various cultures, such as the Ajanta Caves in India or the Nabatean city of Petra in Jordan. The process requires skilled craftsmanship and considerable effort, making these sculptures a testament to the artistry and dedication of their creators.