ROC Curve (Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve)

An ROC Curve (Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve) is a graph that shows how well a test or model can distinguish between two groups, like those with or without a condition. It plots the true positive rate (correctly identifying positives) against the false positive rate (incorrectly identifying negatives as positives) at different decision thresholds. The closer the curve is to the top-left corner, the better the model is at making accurate distinctions. The area under this curve (AUC) indicates overall performance; higher AUC means better discrimination between the groups.