Robinson's arithmetic

Robinson's arithmetic (also known as Q) is a foundational system in mathematical logic that formalizes basic properties of natural numbers (0, 1, 2, ...). It uses simple rules to define operations like addition and multiplication, along with the concept of zero and the successor function (like counting one's way up). While minimal, it captures essential features of natural numbers without assuming more complex principles, making it a key starting point for studying the logical structure of arithmetic and exploring what can be proven within a formal system.