RNA folding

RNA folding is the process by which a single-stranded RNA molecule naturally bends and forms specific shapes due to interactions between its nucleotide bases. These bases pair up with each other, creating structures like loops and stems, which determine the RNA's function. Folding is guided by the chemical properties of bases, leading to stable, three-dimensional shapes essential for processes like protein synthesis. This precise folding enables RNA molecules to act as enzymes, regulators, or carriers of genetic information, making their shape crucial for their role in cells.