Ring laser gyroscope

A Ring Laser Gyroscope (RLG) is a device that detects rotation or changes in orientation without relying on traditional spinning parts. It uses laser beams traveling in opposite directions inside a closed loop, such as a rectangular or triangular path. When the device rotates, the length of the path effectively changes for one beam relative to the other, causing a difference in the laser's frequency. This difference is measured to determine the rate of rotation accurately. RLGs are highly reliable and used in navigation systems for aircraft, submarines, and spacecraft, providing precise guidance even in the absence of GPS signals.